The scientists plan to construct a machine that is 60 times faster than the existing one.
The machine is aimed at accurately measuring the nature of the Higgs boson or "God particle" and explore the regularity of fundamental physics, said scientists attending a symposium held by Institute of High Energy Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
"Only by learning the nature of the Higgs particle can we possibly understand the future focus of particle physics," said Wang Yifang, head of the institute.
"In the long run, it can be revamped into a large proton collider, which would generate seven times more energy than the Large Hadron Collider in operation in the European Organisation for Nuclear Research (CERN) based in Geneva," state-run Xinhua news agency quoted Wang as saying.
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David Gross, American physicist and a Nobel Prize winner, said China's proposal to build the next-generation accelerator will enable it to stand at the centre of fundamental sciences.
The hunt for the Higgs boson has been a focus of particle physics research for decades.