The Andronikos, a Marshall Islands-flagged container ship belonging to the China Cosco Shipping Corporation (COSCOCS), a Chinese state-owned group, was selected by lottery among the Panama Canal Authority's 15 largest clients.
China is the second-biggest user of the canal, which provides easy passage between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans by cutting across the narrow Central American isthmus.
The 80-kilometer (50-mile) canal has been widened at an estimated cost of more than seven billion dollars to triple its capacity by allowing bigger bulk carriers to cross through.
Some five percent of world maritime traffic travels through the canal, with an average 35-40 ships passing through every day.
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President Juan Carlos Varela is set to host an inauguration ceremony on June 26 to which 70 foreign heads of state and government have been invited.
COSCOCS is the world's fourth-largest operator of container ships.
The brand-new Andronikos can carry up to 9,400 containers and is 300 meters long and 48 meters wide (980 feet by 160 feet). It will enter the canal from the Atlantic Ocean side and cross to the Pacific.