Colombia readies for conflict-ending cease-fire

Colombia readied for a rendezvous with history at midnight today when the guns fall silent in a 52-year-old war between the state and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, the South American country's largest leftist rebel group.
"The end of the conflict has arrived!" President Juan Manuel Santos exulted on his Twitter account Friday after signing a decree to halt military operations against the FARC, as the rebel group is known.
The measure goes into effect at midnight (0500 GMT), five days after the conclusion of peace negotiations that have been underway in Havana since November 2012.
Throughout that period the war continued, with the government refusing a truce for fear that any let-up in the military pressure would enable the FARC to rebuild a force currently officially estimated at 7,500 fighters.

Nevertheless, as the negotiations deepened, the FARC declared a unilateral ceasefire in July 2015, and the government responded by suspending air attacks on the rebels.
The cease-fire that goes into effect at midnight will be the first in which both sides commit to a definitive end to the fighting.

Peace "begins to be a reality," FARC leader Rodrigo Londono, better known by the nom de guerre Timoleon Jimenez or "Timochenko," wrote on his Twitter account.
Colombian media reported that the rebel chief will issue cease-fire orders to his troops Sunday from Havana.
"The cease-fire is really one more seal on the end of the conflict. It is the test of fire," said Carlos Alfonso Velazquez, an expert on security at the University of La Sabana. In his view, the end of Latin America's oldest conflict has been "practically a fact for the past year."

The last clash between Colombian security forces and FARC rebels was on July 8, according to Cerac, a research group that monitors violence by Colombia's armed groups.
"The FARC prepared for D-Day," read the headline on its latest report on the conflict.
Santos and Timochenko will sign the final peace agreement sometime between September 20 and 26, Defense Minister Luis Carlos Villegas said yesterday.
Villegas did not say who would attend or where it will be held, but Santos has said the signing could take place at UN headquarters in New York, or in Havana or Bogota.
The cease-fire and definitive end of hostilities will be followed by a six-month demobilization process in which guerrilla fighters gather at collection points and give up their weapons under UN supervision.