The main opposition party also demanded that the prime minister explain what went wrong, saying the government had raised "huge expectations."
"The Prime Minister must explain what went wrong and what is his stand on Pakistan particularly and Pakistan's record on nuclear non-proliferation," former Union Minister Prithviraj Chavan told reporters at the AICC briefing.
Chavan, who was Minister of State in the PMO in the Manmohan Singh government handling various charges including Atomic Energy, also sought to compare the situation in 2008 when the 48-member Nuclear Suppliers Group(NSG) gave India a waiver and the present failed NSG bid. "It is same NSG, same situation, same countries, and NSG gave India a waiver!"
"We are highly disappointed by the outcome of the NSG plenary at Seoul. Government had raised huge expectations. There was last minute flurry of activity by Prime Minister himself, Foreign Minister & various delegations," Chavan said.
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He said the prime minister made personal pleas to China and other countries but "what is disappointing is that out of 48 countries....Anywhere between 10-16 countries have not supported India's cause."
Speaking separately, senior party spokesman Anand Sharma came down hard on the government by terming the developments at the NSG meet as an "embarrassment" to India.
He said the prime minister needs to realise that diplomacy needs "depth and seriousness and not public tamasha".
"We do not know why India showed its desperation and allowed the country to be equated with Pakistan on the issue of NSG membership," Sharma said
"It's high time that Prime Minister Narendra Modi realises that diplomacy requires gravitas, depth and seriousness. PM Modi needs to realise diplomacy needs depth not public tamasha," he said.
Asked whether the Foreign Secretary should own up responsibility and resign or whether Foreign Minister should quit, Chavan said NSG failure is a serious matter and first of all the Prime Minister himself should clarify.
"It has been a colossal failure. It is not for me to ask for heads to roll down. We need explanation and Government of the day should ensure and then find out if somebody has goofed up," he said.
He replied in the negative when asked whether India should sign NPT since it seems to have become the speed breaker at this Plenary.