Youth Congress and Mahila Congress activists gathered at Dighalipukhuri area and began a march towards the Reserve Bank of India office about half a kilometre away, when they were stopped by police and a scuffle followed, officials said.
Several Congress activists, including All-India Youth Congress (AIYC) general secretary Indrani Mishra, received minor injuries.
Police took several protesters into custody. They were released in the evening, officials said.
Addressing the protesters, Assam Pradesh Congress President Ripun Bora claimed demonetisation has led to unforeseen difficulties for the poor and common people.
"Demonetisation has crippled the lives of millions of people and the Prime Minister will have to apologise to them," he said, adding Congress will continue its protests till the anti-people policies of the BJP led government were withdrawn.