The government did not link the exercises to Donald Trump's US presidential victory but the announcement of manoeuvres and tactical exercises across the country came nearly simultaneously with Trump's surprise win.
It is the seventh time Cuba has held what it calls the Bastion Strategic Exercise, often in response to points of high tension with the United States.
The first exercise was launched in 1980 after the election of Ronald Reagan as US president, according to an official history.
An announcement by Cuba's Revolutionary Armed Forces in red ink across the top of the front page of the country's main newspaper said the army, Interior Ministry and other forces would be conducting manoeuvres and different types of tactical exercises from the 16th to the 20th of November.
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It warned citizens that the exercises would include "movements of troops and war materiel, overflights and explosions in the cases where they're required."
News of Trump's victory hit hard among ordinary people and experts in US relations with Cuba, which has spent the last two years negotiating normalisation after more than 50 years of Cold War hostility.
Trump has promised to reverse Obama's opening unless President Raul Castro agrees to more political freedom on the island, a concession considered a virtual impossibility.
Speaking of Cuba's leaders, Communist Party member and noted economist and political scientist Esteban Morales told the Telesur network: "They must be worried because I think this represents a new chapter."
Carlos Alzugaray, a political scientist and retired Cuban diplomat, said a Trump victory could please some hard-liners in the Cuban leadership who worried that Cuba was moving too close to the United States too quickly.
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