President Nicos Anastasiades, whose right-wing government negotiated the 2013 bailout by international creditors and has claimed credit for the island's subsequent recovery, warned those tempted to abstain that they risked losing their right to a say.
"I urge everyone to exercise their right to select the party, the candidate, of their choice -- it is their right. But anyone who abstains, I repeat, will not have the right to complain afterwards," he said after casting his ballot in the coastal city of Limassol.
The speaker of the outgoing parliament, Yiannakis Omirou, of the opposition socialist EDEK party, said "abstentions lead to a deficient democracy".
The two largest parties, Anastasiades' ruling right-wing DISY party and the main opposition communist party AKEL, have spent most of the campaign trying to persuade their disillusioned rank and file to turn out and vote.
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Parties are trying to mobilise their traditional supporters to ensure that abstentions do not reach an unprecedented 30 percent which would hurt the larger parties while smaller parties might gain from the protest vote.
Even though the threshold to enter Parliament has been raised from 1.8 percent to 3.6 percent, a possible eight parties could get in, compared with five in the outgoing legislature.