Students under the banner of Left-affiliated All India Students Association (AISA) and Students Federation of India (SFI) and Congress-affiliated National Students Union of India (NSUI) marched to Shastri Bhawan to seek HRD minister Smriti Irani's intervention in the issue.
The protest turned violent as students tried to jump over barricades and attacked security personnel causing injuries prompting the police to use water cannons and detain students.
According to police officials, around 70 students have been detained so far.
The dead student, Rohit Vemula, was among the five research scholars who were suspended by Hyderabad Central University (HCU) in August last year and also one of the accused in the case of assault on a student leader. They were also kept out of the hostel. The suspension was revoked later.
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Union Labour Minister Bandaru Dattatreya and Hyderabad University Vice Chancellor were named in an FIR over the death of the scholar, which triggered massive protests and demands for their removal from their posts.
The HRD ministry has constituted a two member fact finding team to look into the the incident.