Cameron will take charge of a USD 1 billion fund to improve ports, roads and rail networks between China and its trading partners as part of the wider Belt and Road Initiative, according to the BBC.
The move follows a two-day visit this week to China by UK Chancellor Philip Hammond, who said the initiative would create jobs and boost trade links.
"As we move to a new phase in cooperation between our two great countries, we will be establishing an even deeper trade and investment relationship, helping British businesses and entrepreneurs to seize the opportunities now in front of us as we build an economy fit for the future," he said on the sidelines of the Economic and Financial Dialogue (EFD) in Beijing.
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Xi's plan is to develop ancient trade routes through China and Europe to "make it easier" for the world to trade with China.
Cameron had famously been seen in pictures enjoying a drink with Xi Jinping during his state visit to the UK in 2015 and much had been written about the rapport between the two leaders at the time.
The pub has since been reportedly sold to Chinese investors after it turned into a tourist hotspot for visitors from the country.
While details of Cameron new role are yet to be unveiled, the Hammond-led business delegation to China this week has been described by the UK government as a new phase in the "golden era for UK-China relations".
There are also reports of both sides agreeing to accelerate preparations for a London-Shanghai stock exchange connect programme.
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