The Defence Ministry said it was "unique and first ever salvage at such level". The Flight Data Recorder (FDR) could provide vital inputs towards establishing the cause of the incident.
"This is a major accomplishment to the unprecedented search operation which was launched about month back," a defence ministry release said here.
"Debris located in position 17 NM from nearest land and approx 20 NM SE of Cuddalore in 950 m depth," Defence Ministry Spokesperson Sitanshu Kar tweeted.
The release said Indian naval Submarine Sindhudhvaj, while on redeployment for locating the missing aircraft, picked up a barrage of transmissions at a depth of 996 metres on July 6.
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Consequently, the unrelenting and uninterrupted search, which included 693 hours of surface effort and 196 hours of air effort, finally yielded positive results.
The Multi-functional Support Vessel of Reliance India with integrated Remotely Operated Vehicle was able to locate and recover the FDR and one Line Replacement Unit from the depth of 950 metres.
An intensive search involving aircraft, ships of the Coast Guard, Navy and several other government agencies including the Coastal Security Group of Tamil Nadu Police, was carried out for weeks together.
The family members of those on board the Dornier had urged the Defence Ministry and Coast Guard authorities to speed up the search and end the uncertainty surrounding the disappearance of the aircraft and its crew.