He will take over the new job after his retirement, next month-end.
The competent authority has approved the appointment of Kant, a 1980 batch IAS officer of Kerala cadre, as CEO of Niti Aayog, after his superannuation in February-end, an order issued by Department of Personnel and Training said.
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"The terms and conditions of his appointment as CEO, Niti Aayog will be conveyed in due course," it said.
59-year-old Kant has been appointed in place of former IAS officer Sindhushree Khullar, who was appointed as the first CEO of the National Institution for Transforming India (Niti) Aayog, a body that has replaced Planning Commission, for a fixed one-year term beginning January 1, last year.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi is Chairman of Niti Aayog.