The complaints, made in unusually strident language, follow a phone conversation between President Xi Jinping and US President Donald Trump earlier this month in which the Chinese leader warned of "some negative factors" that were harming China-US relations, indicating relations between the two countries had hit a rough patch after some initial optimism.
Foreign ministry spokesman Geng Shuang told reporters Tuesday that China was upholding its obligations under United Nations resolutions on North Korea, while other countries were fanning the crisis while damaging China's interests by their actions.
"If China is striving to put out the fire, while the others are fuelling the flame ... How can China's efforts achieve expected outcomes? How can the tension be eased? How can the Korean Peninsula nuclear issue be resolved?" Geng said.
Saying some unidentified parties were circulating the "China responsibility theory," Geng said they were operating with "ulterior motivations" and sought to shrug off their own responsibilities.
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"Absolving oneself of responsibility is not OK. Tearing down bridges after crossing the river is not OK. Stabbing in the back is even less OK," Geng said.
However, China says perceptions of its influence with North Korea are exaggerated. It also refuses to take measures that might destabilise North Korea's hard-line communist regime and lead to violence, massive flows of refugees into China, and the possibility of a united Korea allied with the United States.
Beijing complained after one of its banks was recently cut off from the US financial system for allegedly helping North Korea launder money, saying other countries' laws shouldn't extend to Chinese entities.