The cess is presently levied on coal, peat and lignite to finance and promote clean energy initiatives and fund research in this area.
"In indirect taxes, I propose to increase the Clean Energy Cess from 100 to 200 per metric tonne of coal, etc to finance clean environment initiatives," Finance Minister Arun Jaitley said while presenting the Budget 2015-16.
According to Coal India source, the "impact would to the tune of Rs 5,000 crore. But it would be passed on the power consumers".
From the increase in cess it is likely that the cost of generation would go up by 5-6 paise per unit, NTPC said.
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Reacting to the development, JSPL's Managing Director and CEO Ravi Uppal said: "It will increase the energy charge... It will make a difference of 10-12 paise per unit of power."
In the last budget, the government had increased the cess to Rs 100 from Rs 50 per tonne.
Debasish Mishra, Senior Director (Consulting) Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu India Pvt Ltd said: "Clean energy cess of Rs 200/tonne of coal would result in consumer paying 6 to 7 paise per unit of power, which is not significant.
He said the money collected through coal cess should be clearly be made available in research to reduce costs of renewable energy and spending in green transmission grid.
Yesterday, the Economic Survey 2014-15 said that there should be a five-fold hike in coal cess to around Rs 500 per tonne from the existing level of Rs 100 per tonne in order to bring down carbon emissions drastically.
This would still be within the range of keeping most coal power plants profitable given the current tariff structure, it had said.