Pentagon spokesman Matthew Allen said the strike was conducted by "multiple coalition aircraft" Sunday evening near Albu Kamal, in Deir Ezzor province along Syria's border with Iraq.
"This strike is a component of ongoing Tidal Wave II operation designed to attack the distribution network of Daesh's oil-smuggling operation and degrade their capacity to fund their operations," Allen said, using an Arabic acronym for IS.
Operation Tidal Wave II, named after a World War II mission to bomb oil refineries, has seen the US-led coalition conduct a series of strikes on the IS group's oil infrastructure.
In those cases, the United States dropped pamphlets warning drivers of the imminent strike. The Pentagon said the drivers were not IS members.
It was not immediately clear if drivers were warned ahead of yesterday's strike.