Lawmakers fired questions at Health Minister Edith Schippers and deputy economy minister Martijn van Dam at a special five-hour session of parliament's economics commission.
Many lawmakers blamed the country's Food and Goods Authority watchdog (NVWA) for failing to prevent the problem from developing into a scandal that now extends across Europe, reaching as far as Hong Kong.
Action should have been taken back in November 2016, when the NVWA received its first tip-off that a banned insecticide, fipronil, was being used to rid chicken farms of red lice, they said.
"Within a few weeks (of the tip-off), it could have been determined that it (fipronil) was being used on a wide scale," added Rik Grashoff of the eco-friendly Green-Left party. "Surely it's not rocket science."
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Schippers and van Dam defended the NVWA's actions and denied that the scandal had happened because of years-long budget cuts.
Dutch business was at the epicentre of a food scandal in 2013 when beef tainted with horsemeat was sold across Europe.
"It's too easy to make judgements before we've properly investigated the matter," Van Dam said.
Van Dam said officials were hard at work trying to fixing the Dutch poultry industry's image, particularly in its main export market, Germany.
But D66 parliamentarian Steintje van Veldhoven said: "The best way to promote Dutch products is first to ensure that all our monitoring systems are working as they are supposed to."
Millions of eggs have been pulled from supermarket shelves and destroyed across Europe and dozens of poultry farms closed since the fipronil contamination was made public on August 1.
The issue has sparked a row between Belgium, the Netherlands and Germany, the three countries at the centre of the crisis, about how long officials knew about the problem.