"Responding to the presentation of the initial findings... Spokespersons for the Kremlin and the Russian foreign ministry and defence ministry questioned the professionalism, integrity and independence of the Dutch public prosecution service," the Dutch foreign ministry said.
"The Russian ambassador was informed that unsubstantiated criticism like this is unacceptable," the ministry said in a statement, issued in The Hague.
Moscow yesterday described as "biased" and "politically motivated" initial findings by a Dutch-led team of international investigators which concluded that the Malaysia Airlines flight was shot down by a missile transported from Russia.
Criminal investigators from the Netherlands, Australia, Belgium, Malaysia and Ukraine this week said they had "irrefutable evidence" that a BUK missile slammed into the plane and was fired from a field in a part of eastern Ukraine then controlled by pro-Russian rebels.
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But the findings stopped short of directly accusing Moscow of involvement in the tragedy.
Koenders said: "Given the convincing nature of the evidence, Russia should respect the results that have been presented, rather than impugning the investigation and sowing doubt."
Ukraine and the West insist pro-Russian rebels blew the jet out of the sky with a Russian-made missile system likely supplied by Moscow.
The tragedy saw the European Union slap tougher sanctions on Russia, blamed by the West for being behind the rebellion. The punitive measures remain in place as the fighting drags on.
But Russia and the rebels have consistently denied any role in downing the plane, and have instead blamed Ukrainian government forces.
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