Setting the tone for the discussion, Modi emphasised on the need for cooperative federalism and added that he favoured healthy competition for development amongst states.
India, he said, must development fast, taking advantage of the current global environment to meet the aspirations of the people.
He was apparently referring to the near six-year low in international oil prices and the slow down in other major economies that can provide opportunities to India.
He said an objective of NITI (National Institution for Transforming India) Aayog was to establish a dynamic institutional mechanism where "eminent individuals outside the government system" could contribute to policy making.
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Briefing reporters after the meeting, Finance Minister Arun Jaitley said the meeting was organised with "some very eminent economists with regard to the state of economy and steps required to boost investment, growth and even specific suggestions with regard to the Union Budget".
An official release said the economists emphasised on the need for the government to work towards high growth, predictable tax regime, fiscal prudence and rapid infrastructure development.