In addition, England will also play host to the women's World Cup from June 26 to July 3.
England will begin their 2017 home season with two one-day internationals against Ireland at Bristol and Lord's on May 5 and 7 -- the first time they have met the Irish on English soil.
Later in May, they face South Africa in three ODIs which will serve as warm-up fixtures for the Champions Trophy -- a tournament for the world's top eight teams in 50-over cricket -- which begins with England's match against Bangladesh at The Oval on June 1.
England then have a gruelling schedule of seven Tests in just under 10 weeks, four against South Africa starting at Lord's on July 6 before a three-match series with the West Indies commencing on August 17.
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There has been speculation the first match of the West Indies series, at Edgbaston, could be England's inaugural home day/night Test but the England and Wales Cricket Board (ECB) has not confirmed its status.
"With three different international teams coming here next summer and this country playing host to two major ICC global events -- the ICC Champions Trophy and the ICC Women's World Cup -- there will be a feast of international cricket to excite us in England and Wales," said ECB chief executive Tom Harrison.
"Both the international and the domestic schedule will have a different shape to previous years. And the early season block for the Royal London One-Day (50-over) Cup -- with a new mid-season date for its Lord's final -- July 1 -- will support both England's ICC Champions Trophy preparations and our longer term planning for the ICC Cricket World Cup in (England) in 2019.
England v Ireland
May 05: 1st ODI, Bristol
May 07: 2nd ODI, Lord's
England v South Africa
May 24: 1st ODI, Headingley (d/n)
May 27: 2nd ODI, Ageas Bowl
May 29: 3rd ODI, Lord's
Jun 21: 1st T20, Ageas Bowl (f)
Jun 23: 2nd T20, Taunton
Jun 25: 3rd T20, Cardiff
Jul 06-10: 1ST TEST, Lord's
Jul 14-18: 2ND TEST, Trent Bridge
Jul 27-31: 3RD TEST, The Oval
Aug 04-08: 4TH TEST, Old Trafford
England v West Indies
Aug 17-21: 1ST TEST, Edgbaston
Aug 25-29: 2ND TEST, Headingley
Sep 07-11: 3RD TEST, Lord's
Sep 16: T20, Chester-le-Street (f)
Sep 21: 2nd ODI, Trent Bridge (d/n)
Sep 24: 3rd ODI, Bristol
Sep 27: 4th ODI, The Oval (d/n)
Sep 29: 5th ODI, Ageas Bowl (d/n)
ICC Champions Trophy
Jun 01-Jun 18: Matches at The Oval, Cardiff and Edgbaston
Group A: Australia, New Zealand, England, Bangladesh
Group B: India, South Africa, Sri Lanka and Pakistan.