Prime Minister Ahmet Davutoglu, leader of the dominant Justice and Development Party (AKP), is holding a mass campaign rally in Istanbul today, hoping to drum up enough support to defy the opinion polls that predict a replay of the June vote.
Turkey is on edge after the October 10 Ankara bombings - the worst in the country's history - and security has been ramped up in the run-up to the November 1 poll.
The result was also a severe personal defeat for Erdogan, who had been banking on winning a clear popular mandate for his plans to expand his role into a powerful US-style executive presidency.
And after failing to form a coalition government after the June 7 vote, Davutoglu is pounding the election trail once more - but facing a vastly different landscape, with the country more polarised than ever.
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Fear is also stalking the streets after the double suicide bombing on a pro-Kurdish peace rally in the heart of the capital on October 10 that killed 102 people and has been blamed on the Islamic State group.
The attack followed a bombing in town of Suruc on the border with Syria in June that claimed 34 lives and thrust Turkey into a "war on terrorism" against both IS extremists and Kurdish rebels.
Erdogan, the long-serving prime minister turned president, is now criss-crossing the country, telling the people he is the guarantor of security and unity in Turkey: "It's me or chaos".
"We will not allow this country to be swallowed by the fire raging in the region, we will not allow it become a country where treachery thrives," he said.