The agreement will end the frustration of EU citizens on holiday or abroad for business who face steep charges for using their phones for calls and Internet browsing when in the bloc but outside their home country.
Coming into force on June 15, 2017, the deal means "you can use your mobile device when travelling in the EU paying the same prices as at home," the European Commission said in a statement.
The deal was reached following discussions stretching back to 2013 in overnight talks between the Latvian presidency of the EU and the European Parliament.
It still needs formal approval by the bloc's parliament and 28 governments and was described as "provisional".
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"This is the end of a long process and we're delighted we managed to produce a result that will mean concrete improvement for citizens in the single market," European Commission spokesman Margaritis Schinas told reporters at a briefing in Brussels.
Under current EU rules, the cap stands at 0.19 euros per minute for calls, 0.06 euros per SMS and 0.20 euros per megabyte of data.
Providers would still be allowed to apply a "fair use policy" to prevent "abusive" use of roaming, the European Council said.
Bert Van Roosebeke, a political analyst from think-tank the Centre for European Policy, said it was "possible that domestic prices rise" as telecoms companies respond to the ruling.
That is designed to eliminate the paid prioritisation of traffic, subject to limited exemptions such as countering cyber-attacks.
Providers not respecting the rules face "significant pecuniary and administrative sanctions," the Commission said.