Exports climbed 12.97 per cent to USD 26.14 billion last month and imports declined 0.68 per cent to USD 37.05 billion, the Commerce Ministry said.
The trade deficit narrowed to USD 10.9 billion in August from USD 14.7 billion in the corresponding month last fiscal.
Gold imports dipped sharply to USD 0.65 billion in August from USD 2.2 billion in July.
Commerce and Industry Minister Anand Sharma said exports are picking up because demand is improving in both traditional and new markets. He said measures to promote exports are bearing fruit and hoped the good monsoon would help economic growth this year.
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Export growth had touched a two-year high of 11.64 per cent in July, when it touched USD 25.83 billion.
Imports of gold and crude oil have fuelled India's trade deficit, which has contributed to the widening current account deficit (CAD). The CAD touched an all-time high of 4.8 per cent of gross domestic product, or USD 88.2 billion, in 2012-13.
The government proposes to bring down the CAD to 3.8 per cent of GDP, or USD 70 billion, in the current fiscal.