Rapacious middlemen and coaches with forged or few qualifications are trying their luck in China's fast-growing grassroots football, imperilling its ambitions to become a major force in the sport, insiders warn.
At the behest of football-fan President Xi Jinping, for whom it is a soft-power tool, the world's second-biggest economy is throwing resources at the game domestically.
Central to that is getting more youngsters to play at schools, clubs and academies. The education ministry plans to have 50,000 "schools characterised by soccer" by 2025.
But five people involved in youth football in the country told AFP they had encountered coaches with counterfeit certificates.
Just being from overseas was sometimes enough to get work, many involved in the scene said, as so-called coaches -- Chinese and foreign -- rush for a share of the money swilling around football in China.
Former international forward Xie Hui, now an assistant coach at Chinese Super League (CSL) champions Shanghai SIPG, said there was "a huge problem" with youth coaching.
"Even if you give them Wu Lei, they will erase (his talent), that's the reality," the 44-year-old told AFP, referring to the Chinese forward who recently left SIPG for Spain's Espanyol.
"Nothing has (improved) in 20 years because there is no building (effective structure). It's almost a desert of youth football education."
- 'Free-for-all' -
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"In the big cities there is a huge market in part-time coaching and most of the coaches don't have a certificate to be a coach or work with children because it is very difficult to find a real coach to work only a few hours per week."
- 'Charlatans' -
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