The calf had strayed into a farm on July 13 and picked up the firecracker, planted to scare away wild animals. It burst when the animal chewed on it seriously injuring the animal in Thudiyalur.
Though the forest department officials tried to treat the calf, it succumbed to injuries later.
Police and Forest department officials were on search for the persons, who had kept the explosives illegally in their farm.
Preliminary inquiry revealed that the person, 41-year old Murugan and farmer by profession, has kept the explosives to finish wild boars, which destroyed vegetables and other produces, they said.
Murugan was remanded to custody and cases under Wildlife Protection Act were registered against him.
Search was on for two more persons allegedly involved in this, police said.