The incident took place yesterday, they said.
Police said that the man, a resident of Nimgaon Ketaki in Indapur tehsil, got annoyed with his daughter, who was asking him to take her to her mother, who was working in the nearby farm.
"In a fit of anger, the accused, who is also an alcoholic, dragged her outside the house and slit her throat using a sharp weapon," said a police officer with Indapur police station.
He said the man was arrested on the basis of the complaint, lodged by a woman who lives nearby and who witnessed the killing and raised an alarm.
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"He is addicted to alcohol due to which the couple used to fight regularly. He often asked for money from his wife for liquor, but she used to refuse," he added.
The officer said that on the day of the incident, the accused's wife had gone to the farm while he was at home with his daughter.
"The accused wanted to have liquor and he called up his wife for money, however, she refused and at the same time, his daughter started crying and insisted her father to take her to her mother.
While the accused was dragging his daughter into the nearby farm, she was crying. "Hearing the cries, the woman, who was nearby, rushed to the farm only to see that the man was slitting his daughter's throat with a sharp weapon.
"The woman raised an alarm and with the help of other neighbours, he was caught and handed to police," said the officer.