The effort could be a tough sell in a Republican- controlled Congress.
Virginia Democrat Don Beyer is expected to take the lead on the issue when the new Congress convenes next January.
He is succeeding retiring Rep Jim Moran, who has introduced legislation that would prohibit testing cosmetic products on animals, as well as the sale of any new cosmetics if the final product or any component was developed using animal testing.
His state is home to several cosmetic companies, such as Tri Tech Laboratories of Lynchburg, a custom manufacturer of personal care products.
Also Read
Last year, the EU banned the sale of new cosmetic products containing ingredients tested on animals, and India followed with a similar ban.
Sara Amundson, executive director of the Humane Society Legislative Fund, called the Moran bill a "marker" to build political support, with a sustained lobbying effort to follow next year.
To date, more than 140 cosmetic companies have endorsed the bill, including Paul Mitchell, the Body Shop and LUSH Fresh Handmade Cosmetics.
"If US companies have to comply with what's already transpiring, for example, in the EU, one would want to ensure there aren't any trade barriers," she said.
Republican Rep Fred Upton, chairman of the House Energy & Commerce Committee, said if a bill is introduced next year, "we could take a look at it to get a better understanding at that time."
Of the 55 co-sponsors of the Moran bill, only one was a Republican. The bill would not affect animals used for biomedical research.