Maximo Caminero, 51, was charged with criminal mischief after Sunday's incident at the Perez Art Museum Miami.
According to a Miami Police Department arrest affidavit, a security guard told officers that Caminero picked up a coloured vase by Chinese dissident artist Ai Weiwei. When told to put it down, the security guard said Caminero smashed it on the floor.
A police affidavit says Caminero told officers he broke the vase to protest the museum's lack of local artist displays and because "the museum only displayed international artists' art."
"I'm going to answer all the questions," he said.
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Caminero had a recent showing at the JF Gallery in West Palm Beach that offered patrons a chance to meet him and "view a sampling of the work from his 30-year career as an artist."
Behind the installation are a series of three black-and-white photos showing Ai holding a vase and then letting it drop to the ground, smashing into pieces.
The Ai Weiwei: According to What? exhibit runs through March 16 at the museum. Museum officials confirmed the incident in a yesterday email, and noted that an upcoming show will feature a local artist, Miami's Edouard Duval-Carrie.
The Haitian-born artist's show, beginning March 13, is titled "Imagined Landscapes."
After his release in June 2011, Ai's design firm was slapped with a USD 2.4 million tax bill, which he fought unsuccessfully in the Chinese courts.