"The closer we get to the presidential election, the more outrageous it would be to deprive the right and the centre of a candidate," Fillon told French daily Le Figaro in an interview.
Fillon, 62, had earlier pledged to drop out of the race if charged in the inquiry, now in its third week.
He reiterated his claim that a smear campaign was being orchestrated against him, without naming who might be behind it.
"The only obstacle in their efforts to stay alive is me."
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Le Canard Enchaine newspaper has reported that Fillon used public funds to pay his wife Penelope at least 680,000 euros (USD 720,000) over some 15 years as a parliamentary aide.
But she is accused of having barely worked for the salary. Two of Fillon's children were also put on the parliamentary payroll for brief periods.
The claims have taken a heavy toll on his standings in the polls, with the latest Ipsos Sopra Steria survey of voter intentions putting him in third place in the first round of voting in April, with 18.5 per cent.
The poll, released Thursday by Cevipof and French daily Le Monde, put far-right candidate Marine Le Pen in first place in the first round, with 26 per cent of voter intentions, and centrist candidate Emmanuel Macron second at 23 per cent.
The Socialist candidate Benoit Hamon stood at 14.5 per cent.