When compared to apps without ads, the researchers found that apps with ads use an average of 16 per cent more energy.
That lowers the battery life of a smartphone from 2.5 to 2.1 hours on average - or down to 1.7 hours at the high end of energy usage.
Researchers at the University of Southern California, Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT), and Queen's University in Canada said that a phone's Central Processing Unit (CPU) is like its brain - and ads eat up a lot of that brain power, slowing it down.
Since the ads themselves are content that has to be downloaded, apps with ads cause smartphones to use much more data - up to 100 per cent more, in some cases.
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On average, these apps use around 79 per cent more network data.
Together, these frustrations and expenses led users to rate apps with ads lower - costing them an overall average of .003 stars on a five-star rating scale.
Halfond along with Meiyappan Nagappan of RIT and other colleagues compared 21 top apps from the past year - culled from a list of 10,750 that had been in the top 400 of each of Google Play's 30 categories from January to August of last year.
They then measured their effect on phones using analysis tools loaded onto a Samsung Galaxy SII smartphone.