The programme, which among other measures increases penalties for crimes deemed to have been fuelled by racism and anti-Semitism, comes as at a time when acts against Muslims and Jews have shot up in France.
"Racism, anti-Semitism, hatred of Muslims, of foreigners, homophobia are increasing in an unbearable manner," Manuel Valls said in the Paris suburb city of Creteil, the scene of a brutal attack on a Jewish man and his girlfriend in December.
And the Jewish community is also increasingly worried, with anti-Semitic acts doubling last year compared with 2013, prompting a rising number of Jews to leave for Israel.
"French Jews must no longer be scared to be Jewish" and "French Muslims must no longer be scared to be Muslim," Valls said.
And it is not just these two communities -- the largest in Europe with an estimated four to five million Muslims and around 600,000 Jews -- that are targets.