Tokyo Electric Power (TEPCO) began the work after it admitted last month that radioactive groundwater had been seeping out of the plant, confirming long-held suspicions that the sea was being contaminated.
The company said it pumped out 13 tonnes of groundwater from a well between 2:00 pm (0500 GMT) and 8:00 pm yesterday.
By mid-August, TEPCO plans to complete a new system enabling it to pump out 100 tonnes of groundwater a day. The water will be filtered and recycled to cool the reactors.
"It has been an urgent issue for us to suck out groundwater from this area as soon as possible," a TEPCO spokesman said yesterday. TEPCO officials could not be reached today.
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The embattled utility -- kept afloat by a government bailout -- last month admitted for the first time that radioactive groundwater had been leaking outside the plant.
It has since said tainted water has been escaping into the Pacific for more than two years since the atomic crisis triggered by a huge quake and tsunami in March 2011.