The Chadian head of the syndicate, Abdoulaye Mohamoud Ibrahim, and eight accomplices, including his wife, son and daughter-in-law, were arrested on November 1 after a two-year investigation assisted by Interpol and French law enforcement, Gabon's national parks agency said. The ring's "moneyman" was arrested three weeks later.
The arrests were not immediately announced because the investigation was continuing and suspects would have gone "underground" if there had been publicity, the parks service director, Lee White, said in an email to The Associated Press.
NGOs that help to make arrests tend to publicise them "in part to put pressure on the prosecutors and judges to try the case in a transparent manner and in part as a fundraising strategy," White said.
"When we make arrests it inevitably leads to new intelligence that allows us to work our way up to the kingpins."
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Gabon has Africa's biggest population of forest elephants, which are harder to monitor and count than savannah elephants because they live in dense vegetation. However, a Duke University study released a year ago revealed the toll of poaching, concluding that the elephant population in Minkb National Park in northeast Gabon had dropped by about 80 per cent, or more than 25,000 elephants, between 2004 and 2014.
Gabon has deployed the military in some areas to protect wildlife.