Geelani was arrested by police at New Airport Road outside his Humhama residence, a Hurriyat spokesman said.
He said the separatist leader, whom the police had kept under house arrest, was then taken to Police Station Humhama.
The separatists had called for a march to Anantnag district, which has seen highest number of deaths in the ongoing unrest in the Valley.
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Meanwhile, chairman of the moderate faction of Hurriyat Conference Mirwaiz Umer Farooq was taken into custody by police when he tried to take out a march.
He said the Mirwaiz tried to defy restrictions and march towards Anantnag district of south Kashmir when police arrested him and took him to Nigeen police station.