Researchers at University of California, Irvine wanted to find if mate selection could be influenced by people's ability to quickly detect socially designated "good genes."
They turned to speed-dating to test their predictions in a real-life scenario. In such meet-ups, participants only had a few minutes to assess the short- and long-term potential of their speed-dating partners, and to decide whether or not to offer their partners a second date.
Researchers found that participants who were more likely to be asked on a second date had genotypes consistent with personal traits that people often desire in a romantic partner - social dominance/leadership in men, social sensitivity/submissiveness in women.
When examining the DNA samples, the researchers focused on two polymorphisms (on two different genes) that were previously linked to social dynamics.
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The A118G polymorphism, which has been linked to social sensitivity, is part of the opioid receptor gene that contributes to people's capacity to experience social pleasure and pain, and their need to have social contact.
Researchers found that men and women with genotypes consistent with prevailing gender norms were more likely to receive second date offers. They were also seen as more desirable short- and long-term romantic partners.
When it came to -1438 A/G, men who carried its G-allele variation were rated as more desirable potential mates and were more likely to receive second date offers.
With A118G, women with the G-allele enjoyed greater speed-dating success. However, their male counterparts were not as lucky. Men with this G-allele were less desirable to their speed-dating partners.
This genetic effect could extend beyond romantic attraction to other social situations, such as job interviews, the researchers said.
The study was published in the journal Human Nature.