The goods train was stopped near Kosamba station around 8.20 AM after fire was detected in transformer of the locomotive, Western Railway said in a statement.
Fire brigade has been pressed into service. No injury has been reported due to the fire and subsequent failure of locomotive midway, the release said.
Due to the incident, at least 10 trains are running late, while three have been cancelled.
Railway authorities have rescheduled the Okha-Jaipur Express, which will now depart seven hours late from Okha.
Due to ongoing work to remove the damaged locomotive, at least three trains have been partially cancelled (cancelled on part of the route), as they will not ply between Vadodara and Surat stations.
These trains are Dahod-Valsad Intercity, Virar-Bharuch Passenger and Bharuch-Virar Passenger, the release added.