The colourful animated doodle, shows a pair of eyes taking an eye exam - squinting at the hard-to-read alphabet chart.
It then finds Monoyer's name on the chart and is seen to be visibly overjoyed.
"Ferdinand Monoyer, born on this date in 1836, rose to prominence as one of France's most famous ophthalmologists," Google said.
Monoyer is known to have developed the dioptre, the unit of measurement for vision that is still used today. The dioptre measures the distance one would have to be from a text to be able to read it.
"If you look closely at today's Doodle, you might be able to spot a tribute to another of Monoyer's signatures: his name, hidden in the chart," Google said.