Governments and central banks on Monday stepped up efforts to shield the world economy from the impact of the coronavirus which experts say may have already sent growth into reverse.
Investors welcomed indications from leading central banks that they stood ready to intervene, with global stock markets shooting higher Monday after a brutal selloff last week.
US Federal Reserve boss Jerome Powell started the effort to calm market on Friday saying the US central bank "will use our tools and act as appropriate to support the economy".
On Monday, the Bank of Japan said in a rare statement that it "will strive to provide ample liquidity and ensure stability in financial markets" after the disease infected nearly 90,000 people worldwide in 68 countries and caused more than 3,000 deaths.
The Bank of England said it was monitoring the situation and working closely with domestic "as well as our international partners to ensure all necessary steps are taken to protect financial and monetary stability".
Bank of France chief Francois Villeroy de Galhau, meanwhile, said that "targeted measures" from governments to support affected businesses were more appropriate than central bank action as ample cheap money was already available to companies.
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But he also told French TV station BFM that "if we need to do more and we believe that it will be effective, we could do it, but we're not there yet," he said on French TV station BFM Business.
Governments, meanwhile, appeared to be moving to coordinating their economic efforts to combat economic disruptions caused by the coronavirus.
G7 and eurozone finance ministers will hold conference calls on Wednesday to "coordinate their responses" to the impact of the coronavirus on the global economy, French Finance Minister Bruno Le Maire said Monday.
"We will have that meeting by phone -- because you need to avoid travelling too much -- for the G7 to coordinate its response," Le Maire said on France 2 television.
He said a similar meeting of eurozone finance ministers would also be held on Wednesday, adding "there will be coordinated action".
The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Developmenton Monday urged governments to "act swiftly and forcefully" to overcome the outbreak and take measures to protect the incomes of vulnerable social groups and businesses.
Governments could help by providing unemployment insurance for workers placed on unpaid leave and by covering virus-related health costs for all.
Measures that reduce or delay tax or debt payments or lower energy costs for firms in hard-hit regions and sectors should be considered, the OECD said, as well as temporary reductions in the level of reserves that banks are required to hold at the central bank.
The OECD on Monday also lowered its global GDP forecast by half a percentage point to 2.4 per cent, the lowest rate since the 2008-09 financial crisis.
That forecast is based on the assumption that the epidemic peaks in China in the first quarter, and that outbreaks in other countries prove mild.
"A longer lasting and more intensive coronavirus outbreak, spreading widely throughout the Asia-Pacific region, Europe and North America, would weaken prospects considerably," the OECD warned.
"In this event, global growth could drop to 1.5 per cent in 2020, half the rate projected prior to the virus outbreak," it said.
It said the global economy risked contracting in the first quarter of this year, and a top EU official said it was possible Germany and Italy could slip into recession.
Efforts to contain the virus in China have entailed quarantines and work and travel restrictions that caused delays in restarting factories after the Lunar New Year holiday, as well as sharp cutbacks in service sector activities.
Several factories in other countries have already had to slow or shutter production due to a lack of parts from Chinese suppliers, and this problem is expected to grow in the coming weeks throughout the global economy.
The global travel and tourism sectors have already been hit hard, first by a reduction of travel to and from China, and now more broadly as companies scale back travel and cancel conventions.
EU Commissioner Thierry Breton said on Monday that the EU's tourism sector had lost around a billion euros in the past month as tourists stayed away.
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