The Union Cabinet, headed by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, approved a scheme to ease the financial crunch facing power distribution companies, or discoms, that has impaired their ability to buy electricity.
Power Minister Piyush Goyal said state governments, which own the discoms, can take over 75 per cent of their debt as of September 30 and pay back lenders by selling bonds.
The central government will ease rules to allow the states participating in the scheme to borrow more and help with the additional burden.
The rescue plan, called Ujwal Discom Assurance Yojna or UDAY, provides "a permanent resolution of past as well as potential future issues of the sector" and empowers the utilities to break-even in next 2-3 years, he said.
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"This is through four initiatives - improving operational efficiencies of discoms, reduction of cost of power, reduction in interest cost of discoms and enforcing financial discipline on discoms through alignment with state finances," he said.
By the same year, the gap between average revenue realised (or user charges) and average cost of supply (or cost at which electricity is procured) will also be eliminated.
"People will not bear the cost of inefficiency of discom. It is states' responsibility to ensure that discoms become financially viable," Goyal told reporter after the Cabinet meeting.
The scheme, which is optional, will be operationalised through signing of MoU.