Griezmann was wearing a basketball jersey and a wig with his face, legs and arms blacked up alongside the caption "80's party" in the photograph on his personal Twitter page.
Although the post initially provoked little comment in Spain where Griezmann has spent the entirety of his professional career, many Twitter users around the world questioned the 26-year-old player's choice of fancy dress, with some saying it was racist.
He did not immediately delete the original photo, but later he did remove the post and then tweeted an apology.
"I recognise that it was clumsy of me. If I have offended people, I apologise," he wrote.
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Some of the strongest reaction came from abroad. British left-wing lawmaker David Lammy tweeted: "There are so, so many different options for an 80's party... that don't involve blackface. I can't believe we're out here in 2017 saying don't dress up in blackface."
Earlier on Sunday, Catalan sports daily Mundo Deportivo reported Barcelona are ready to beat Manchester United to his signing next summer by meeting the 100 million euro buyout clause in his Atletico contract.