At stumps on the second day, Maharashtra were 86 for two in 27 overs in their second innings at the Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Stadium.
Gujarat batted for 152.2 overs.
Batting at the number eight position, Kalaria found the fence 11 times and cleared it once while facing 226 deliveries.
Further down, Mehul Patel struck an invaluable 62 off 199 balls with the help of nine boundaries.
Patel and Kalaria added 172 runs for the eighth wicket, a day after the experienced Y Venugopal Rao made his presence felt with a composed hundred.
For Maharashtra, Anupam Sanklecha returned figures of 5/93.
For the visitors, Harshad Khadiwale was batting on 50, while Kedar Jadhav was giving him company on 21.