Haas signed Bengaluru-based Maini along with American Santino Ferucci as development drivers for the team that made its Formula One debut last season.
Like Ferrucci, the 19-year-old Indian will be "embedded" with the American outfit, attending races and tests throughout the year while also participating in the team's simulator program.
However, there is no confirmation on when he would make his debut in a Formula One car.
Asked about the significance of this role, Chandhok added:
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"It's a good first step into the F1 world and Arjun will learn a lot. How we convert this to a race seat in F1 will largely be down to his season in GP3 which starts this weekend."
Chandhok and Karthikeyan are the only Indians who competed in Formula One with the latter scoring points when he finished fourth in the six-car United States Grand Prix in 2005.
Maini joined GP3 midway into last season after he had no option but to exit the F3 programme. He ended up competing in 14 out of 18 GP3 races, finishing 10th in the standings including a second place in Hungary.
It has been learnt that Maini did not have to pay for the development driver role with Haas signing him on merit.
Maini said it was an honour to be part of a Formula One team.
"All of my racing to date has been with the focus of becoming a Formula One driver, and this opportunity puts me one step closer to my goal.
"I am eager to learn, understand and experience how a Formula One team operates. Everything I learn can be used immediately in GP3 while preparing for my ultimate goal of Formula One," he said.
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