Hastings steps in for fellow seam bowler Josh Hazlewood who has been given a break for the remainder of the home international season.
Commenting on the decision, Australia's head coach Darren Lehmann said: "Josh has played all six Tests this summer and has had a high workload.
"On that basis the decision has been made to give him a break to allow him to recharge both physically and mentally ahead of the tour of New Zealand.
The Australia squad for the final two matches of the series will be announced after the match in Melbourne.