Justice C T Selvam of the Madurai bench said except for the alleged confession by an accused, there was no other material to prosecute the petitioners in the criminal case.
The accused had claimed that the petitioners were also partners of Ranjith Rathna Match Works where the blast took place on June 11,2013.
The judge said without sufficient material, police could not make the petitioners undergo the ordeal of facing trial.
The prosecution said the women were loading matchstick bags in a container box inside a van when a fire broke out, engulfing them.
Police had charged the owner and the manager with not providing sufficient protection and safety to the labourers.
The confession of one of the arrested led to the police including four more in the charge sheet and they prayed the court to quash the case on the ground that they had nothing to do with the management of the factory.