Turnout was high with some polling stations reporting that 80 per cent of eligible voters had cast their ballots by the time polls closed at 8 pm (1700 GMT), according to state-run Kuwait Television.
Vote counting started at some centres but final results are not expected before early tomorrow.
While Kuwait's two previous elections yielded poor turnout due to opposition boycotts, voters said they were encouraged by seeing their candidates running this time around.
"A wise opposition is needed because we don't want more political disputes," Jarrah Mohammad, a government employee, said after casting his ballot.
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Unusually for the oil-rich Gulf Arab states, Kuwait has an elected parliament with powers to hold ministers to account, even though senior members of the ruling Al-Sabah family hold all top cabinet posts.
The set-up has led to repeated standoffs between lawmakers and the ruling family and this is the seventh general election in a decade.
The emir dissolved the last parliament after MPs called for ministers to be grilled over the cuts to state subsidies.
Islamist opposition candidate Hamad al-Matar, a former MP, said he expects the opposition to win a good number of seats in the 50-member parliament to prevent the government from raising charges.
"There will be no charges on citizens because we have no problem with finances. We have a problem with government management and corruption," Matar told AFP.
"We want the next parliament to stop the government from hiking prices," said pensioner Maasouma Abdullah.
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