China issued its first ever policy document stipulating how Hong Kong should be governed in June, in what was widely interpreted as a warning to the city not to overstep the boundaries of its autonomy.
It included an assertion that judges should safeguard national security and sovereignty, a sentiment which has angered many in the the city's legal community who consider it an affront to their judicial independence.
The vote, which took place yesterday, saw 2,392 members of the city's 8,000-strong Law Society voting in favour of the no confidence poll, with 1,478 voting against.
"The Law Society respects the decision of its members and has sent a clear and powerful message to defend the independence of the judiciary and to speak out against the white paper," Kevin Yam, one of the three lawyers who tabled the motion told reporters after the vote.
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The vote comes at a time of growing unrest over the perceived influence Beijing has over the semi-autonomous southern Chinese city.
Hong Kong was handed back to China by Britain on July 1, 1997 under a "one country, two systems" agreement, which allows residents civil liberties not seen on the mainland, including free speech and the right to protest.
But public discontent is at its highest for years notably over Beijing's insistence that it vet candidates before the vote for the city's next leader in 2017.
Law Society president Lam is now facing pressure to resign but he has yet to indicate whether he will.
"Nobody has won, and no one has lost, the Law Society must stay unified," Lam said after the motion was passed.