The Hong Kong University survey conducted in November showed 31.8 per cent of Hong Kong people have "negative" feelings for people from mainland China.
The same survey in May put the figure at 35.6 per cent, meaning the average figure for this year was the highest since the exercise began in 2007.
Hong Kong, a former British colony whose population is overwhelmingly ethnic Chinese, became a semi-autonomous region of China in 1997.
Mainland tourists or residents are an important source of revenue for Hong Kong. But they are also seen as straining the city's resources and pushing up prices of items ranging from baby formula to property.
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More than 1,000 people were interviewed by phone for the survey.
Only 14.9 per cent of those questioned in Hong Kong, which was under harsh Japanese occupation during World War II, harboured negative feelings toward Japanese people in the second half of the year.
However negative feelings towards the Japanese government reached a high point this year -- more than 63 per cent in the second half of the year, and 58.8 per cent in the first half.
A dispute between China and Japan over East China Sea islands has intensified in the past year, fuelling hostility towards the Tokyo government on the mainland and in other Chinese societies.