Tiwari has announced his intention to retire at the end of September this year, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) said in a statement.
He helped Fund navigate Ebola crisis response, introduction of renminbi to SDR basket and IMF quota reform, it added.
Tiwari has worked at the Fund for 32 years, serving in a wide range of capacities in different departments.
The IMF further said that the search process to identify Tiwari's successor will begin shortly.