Modi asked China to "reconsider" its approach on some matters, like visa policy towards residents of Arunachal Pradesh, as he asserted that the two nations have a "historic responsibility" to turn the relationship into "a source of strength for each other and a force of good for the world."
During their wide-ranging talks here, Modi and his Chinese counterpart Li Keqiang decided to increase the number of border meeting points of their military personnel from the existing four as they underlined that maintenance of peace and tranquility on the border was an "important guarantor" for the development and continued growth of ties.
The Indian leader sought tangible progress on issues relating to visa, an apparent reference to stapled visas issued by China to residents of Arunachal Pradesh, as he underlined that the two countries need to be "sensitive to each other's interests".
He stressed the need for strengthening mutual trust and confidence while seeking solutions to outstanding issues.
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The two sides signed a record 24 agreements covering railways, mining, outer space, earthquake science and engineering, tourism, sister-cities and establishment of consulates in Chengdu and Chennai.
"Bearing in mind the overall bilateral relations and the long-term interests of the two peoples, the two sides are determined to actively seek a political settlement of the boundary question," said a Joint Statement after the meeting.
It added that the "two sides will resolve outstanding differences, including the boundary question, in a proactive manner. Those differences should not be allowed to come in the way of continued development of bilateral relations.