India were 50 for one at tea, requiring another 92 runs to win the match with Ajinkya Rahane (12 not out) and Murali Vijay (25 not out) coasting along.
The Indian bowlers had opted for some bowling practice after declaring their innings on the overnight score of 341 for six but Derbyshire, lying second from the bottom of the Division 2 County table, surprised the visitors after Bhuvneshwar Kumar, Mohammad Shami and Stuart Binny had picked up a wicket each.
This was after Shami (1-39) had recovered from his suspected calf strain and bowled eleven overs, trapping Paul Borrington (29) LBW after lunch.
Meanwhile, Billy Goddleman went on to score his second half-century of the match, finishing unbeaten on 56 not out off 86 balls, including seven fours. Alex Hughes (36 not out) was the other unbeaten batsman when the innings came to a close.
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It was heartening to see the Indian attack in better rythm as new-ball bowler Kumar scalped Ben Slater early, for nought.
Binny continued his fine work-out in this game, picking the wicket of skipper Chesney Hughes (20). It goes well with his spell of 1-25 in the first innings on day one as well as his half-century yesterday. Ravindra Jadeja (0-7) and Murali Vijay (0-8) too sent down some overs of spin.
On day one, Derbyshire had won the toss and thanks to half centuries from Wes Durston (95), Ben Slater (54) and Harvey Hossein (53 not out) posted 326 for five declared.