Three federal lawsuits backed by the Southern Poverty Law Center were filed yesterday in Mississippi and Texas on behalf of 83 people who were recruited to work as welders and pipefitters for Signal International LLC.
The center filed a similar suit in New Orleans in 2008, but a judge refused to certify it as a class action.
The US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission also sued the company in 2011. Both cases are still pending.
The plaintiffs say Signal used the US government's H-2B guest worker programme to recruit them to work as welders and pipefitters at its facilities in Mississippi and Texas.
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"The cornerstone of the defendants' scheme was the tantalising prospect that Signal would be able to hire a skilled workforce at effectively no cost by forcing the plaintiffs and their coworkers to foot the bill for their own recruitment, immigration processing, and travel," says the suit filed yesterday in Mississippi.
"Put simply, plaintiffs had been deceived into taking on life-altering debt for something that was never going to happen," says the suit, which also says workers were required to live in camps that exposed them to "barbaric and prison-like conditions.