Ashwin (4/70) was the best bowler on view even though Jadeja (4/50) had better figures to show for his efforts as the hosts exploited the favourable conditions even as AB de Villiers scored a valiant 85 in his landmark 100th Test.
Once De Villiers was out off the last delivery before tea, mopping up the tail was a mere formality for India.
In reply, India raced to 80 in 22 overs at stumps on the opening day with Murali Vijay and Shikhar Dhawan remaining unbeaten on 28 and 45 respectively.
India are now 134 runs
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behind South Africa's first innings score.
Vijay looked in deft touch as he hit five boundaries in 73 balls with some lovely drives on the up off Kyle Abbott. He got reprieve on 21 when Imran Tahir dropped him at square leg off Morne Morkel's bowling.
Earlier, more than turn on offer from the pitch, it was poor shot execution that brought downfall of Hashim Amla and Co. As De Villiers showed how to play on a sub-continental track.
Most of the South African batsmen while facing Jadeja and Ashwin played for the turn while most of the deliveries straightened after pitching or moved in with the angle.
De Villiers came out to a standing ovation from the Chinnaswamy crowd with the now familiar chants of 'ABD ABD' reverberating across the stands.